CleanTxt Utility - Runs under Dos/Windows
Cleans up Nasty Text Files
Converts between Unix Dos and Mac Formats
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CLEANTXT.EXE - Cleans of Nasty Text Files
Download: CLEANTXT.ZIPCLEANTXT.EXE - Cleans of Nasty Text Files
Download: CLEANTXT.ZIPThis program converts text files between DOS, UNIX, and MACINTOSH formats and is used to clean up files. CleanTxt reads all text file formats and can output text for different operating system text file formats. DOS files use CR,LF. UNIX uses only LF, and some MAC programs use only CR. Some strange programs reverse the CR and the LF confusing standard editors. CleanTxt is designed to clean up these files so you can work with them.
This program is useful where you would download several hundred web pages from a Unix web server for mas conversion. However, your software does not like Unix text files. CleanTxt can convert your web pages to Dos format, allow you to process them, and then convert them back for uploading.
CleanTxt also removes double CR characters left by Netscape when saving a web page source. It also wraps long lines at 255 or less characters and breaks the lines at spaces or HTML tags. This is handy for web pages that put everything on one long line. It also removes trailing spaces at the end of lines. A switch is provided to strip the high bit on text files to convert old Wordstar files to raw text. CleanTxt removes the ^Z from the end of DOS text files. CleanTxt preserves the date and time stamps on a file.
Wildcards are supported to convert all files in the directory.
When this program is run under an operating system that supports long file names, this program will use long names. Currently Windows 95/98 works with long names. Windows NT4.x does not.
If only one filename is given then the input and output files are the same. You can also use dos pipes with CleanText. The date and time of the output file is set to match the input file.
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8-bit clean describes a computer system that correctly handles 8-bitcharacter encodings, such as the ISO 8859 series and the UTF-8 encoding of Unicode.
History[edit]
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Up to the early 1990s, many programs and data transmission channels assumed that all characters would be represented as numbers between 0 and 127 (7 bits); for example, the ASCII standard used only 7 bits per character, avoiding an 8-bit representation in order to save on data transmission costs. Dxo photolab 2 3 3 47 film. On computers and data links using 8-bit bytes this left the top bit of each byte free for use as a parity, flag bit, or meta data control bit. 7-bit systems and data links are unable to handle more complex character codes which are commonplace in non-English-speaking countries with larger alphabets.
Binary files cannot be transmitted through 7-bit data channels directly. To work around this, binary-to-text encodings have been devised which use only 7-bit ASCII characters. Some of these encodings are uuencoding, Ascii85, SREC, BinHex, kermit and MIME's Base64. EBCDIC-based systems cannot handle all characters used in UUencoded data. However, the base64 encoding does not have this problem.
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SMTP and NNTP 8-bit cleanness[edit]
Historically, various media were used to transfer messages, some of them only supporting 7-bit data, so an 8-bit message had high chances to be garbled during transmission in the 20th century. But some implementations really did not care about formal discouraging of 8-bit data and allowed high bit set bytes to pass through. Such implementations are said to be 8-bit clean. In general, a communications protocol is said to be 8-bit clean if it correctly passes through the high bit of each byte in the communication process.
Many early communications protocol standards, such as RFC780, 788, 821 (for SMTP), RFC977 (for NNTP), RFC1056, 2821 and 5321, were designed to work over such '7-bit' communication links. They specifically mention the use of ASCII character set 'transmitted as an 8-bit byte with the high-order bit cleared to zero' and some of these[1] explicitly restrict all data to 7-bit characters.
For the first few decades of email networks (1971 to the early 1990s), most email messages were plain text in the 7-bit US-ASCII character set.[2] Pokemon bank ios.
According to RFC1428, the original RFC821 definition of SMTP limits Internet Mail to lines (1000 characters or less) of 7-bit US-ASCII characters.[3][4][5]
Later the format of email messages was re-defined in order to support messages that are not entirely US-ASCII text (text messages in character sets other than US-ASCII, and non-text messages, such as audio and images).[5]
The Internet community generally adds features by 'extension', allowing communication in both directions between upgraded machines and not-yet-upgraded machines, rather than declaring formerly standards-compliant legacy software to be 'broken' and insisting that all software worldwide be upgraded to the latest standard. In the mid-1990s, people[who?] objected to 'just send 8 bits (to RFC821 SMTP servers)', perhaps because of a perception that 'just send 8 bits' is an implicit declaration that ISO 8859-1 become the new 'standard encoding', forcing everyone in the world to use the same character set.[original research?] Instead, the recommended way to take advantage of 8-bit-clean links between machines is to use the ESMTP (RFC1869) 8BITMIME extension.[6][7] Despite this, some Mail Transfer Agents, notably Exim and qmail, relay mail to servers that do not advertise 8BITMIME without performing the conversion to 7-bit MIME (typically quoted-printable, 'Q-P conversion') required by RFC6152. This 'just-send-8' attitude does not in fact cause problems in practice, since virtually all modern email servers are 8-bit clean.[8]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^RFC780: Appendix A, RFC788: 4.5.2., RFC821: Appendix B, RFC1056: 4.
- ^ John Beck. 'Email Explained'. 2011.
- ^RFC1428: 'SMTP as defined in RFC821 limits the sending of Internet Mail to US-ASCII characters.'
- ^ Dan Sugalski. 'E-mail with Attachments'. 'The Perl Journal'. Summer 1999. 'When mail was standardized way back in 1982 with RFC822, . The only limits placed on the body were the character set (7-bit ASCII) and the maximum line length (1000 characters).'
- ^ abRFC2045 'Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, or MIME, redefines the format of messages'
- ^Theodore Ts'o; Keith Moore; Mark Crispin (12 September 1994). '8-bit transmission in NNTP'. IETF-SMTP mail list. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
- ^'comp.mail.mime FAQ, part 3 'What's ESMTP, and how does it affect MIME?''. Usenet FAQs. 8 August 1997. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
- ^'The 8BITMIME extension'.